DBAHUB: Installing Oracle12c Software and Creating a Database on Linux

This Article shows you how to use the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) to install the Oracle Database 12c software and create a non cdb database. In addition to this it shows you how to use the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) to create additional databases.

OUI performs several automated checks to ensure that your computer fulfills the basic hardware and software requirements for an Oracle Database installation. If your computer does not meet a requirement, then an error message is displayed. The requirements may vary depending upon the type of computer and operating system you are using. IN addition to that we should always check the oracle installation Document for more information.

Prerequisites

A. Hardware Requirements

The following are the minimum hardware requirements to properly install Oracle Database 12c on a x86_64 system:

• Minimum of 1 GB of RAM for the installation of both Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database, however 2 GB of memory or more is recommended

• Minimum of 1 Network Interface Card (NIC), however 2 NICs are recommended for high availability (HA) as used in the reference environment

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.x Server x86_64 with kernel 2.6.32-71 or higher

• Console access that supports 1024 x 768 resolution to ensure correct display of Oracle's Universal Installer (OUI).

B. Disk Space Details

The following are the minimum disk space requirements for properly installing Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) software.

Software	Disk Space
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home (includes software files)	9.7 GB
Oracle Database Home Enterprise Edition (includes software files and data files)	9.8 GB
/tmp	1 GB

C. Swap Space

Swap space is determined by the amount of RAM found within the system. Below table displays the swap space recommendation.

RAM	Swap Space
2 GB up to 16 GB	Equal to the size of RAM
Greater than 16 GB	16 GB of RAM

D. Package Requirements

A specific set of packages is required to properly deploy Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (x86_64).

Required Packages

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)

compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)

gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

ksh

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

libXext-1.1 (x86_64)

libXext-1.1 (i686)

libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)

libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686)

libX11-1.3 (x86_64)

libX11-1.3 (i686)

libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)

libXau-1.0.5 (i686)

libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)

libxcb-1.5 (i686)

libXi-1.3 (x86_64)

libXi-1.3 (i686)

make-3.81-19.el6

sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

E. Setting Kernel Parameters:

Add or amend in the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file below parameters.

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.shmall = 1073741824

kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

After adding these lines to /etc/sysctl.conf, please run the below command as root to make them enabled.

[root@shree ~]# sysctl –p

F. Shell Limits

Setting Shell Limits for the Oracle User:

To improve the performance of the software on Linux systems, you must increase the following shell limits for the oracle user:

Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft stack 10240

oracle hard stack 32768

F. Setting nproc

Amend the "/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf" file as described below. MOS Note [ID 1487773.1]

# Change this

* soft nproc 1024

# To this

* - nproc 16384

Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.

SELINUX=permissiveOnce the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.

# setenforce Permissive

G. Create the new groups and users.

groupadd -g 54321 oinstall

groupadd -g 54322 dba

groupadd -g 54323 oper

groupadd -g 54324 backupdba

groupadd -g 54325 dgdba

groupadd -g 54326 kmdba

groupadd -g 54327 asmdba

groupadd -g 54328 asmoper

groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

H. Creating Oracle Software Directories:

As per OFA, oracle base directory has the path: /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner where, mount_point is the mount point directory for the file system that will contain the Oracle software. I have used /u01 for the mount point directory. However, you could choose another mount point directory,such as /oracle or /opt/oracle.

oracle_sw_owner is the operating system user name of the Oracle software owner, for example oracle.

[root@# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

[root@# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

[root@# mkdir -p /u02/oradata/db102

[root@# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02/oradata/db102

[root@# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

[root@# chmod -R 775 /u02/oradata/db102

Steps for Basic Installation

Log on to your computer as a member of the administrative group that is authorized to install Oracle Database software and create a database. Invoke the Oracle Universal Installer.

./runInstaller

1. Security Updates

The Configure Security Updates window appears. Enter your email address and My Oracle Support password to receive security issue notifications via email. If you do not wish to receive notifications via email, deselect "I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support". Click Next to continue. Click "Yes" in the confirmation window

2. Download Software Updates

The Download Software Updates window appears. Select "Use My Oracle Support credentials for download" to download and apply the latest software updates. Select "Use pre-downloaded software updates" to apply software updates that you previously downloaded. Select "Skip software updates" if do not want to apply any updates. Click Next to continue

3. Select Installation Option

The Select Installation Option window appears. Select "Create and configure a database." Click Next

4. System Class

The System Class window appears. Select Desktop Class or Server Class depending on the type of system you are using. In this scenario, we have chosen Server Class. If you choose Desktop Class, the windows that appear may vary slightly from what is shown in this example. Click Next

5. Grid Installation

The Grid Installation Options window appears. Select "Single instance database installation." Click Next.

6. Install Type

The Select Install Type window appears. Select "Typical install." Click Next

7. Typical Install Configuration

The Typical Install Configuration window appears. In the "Administrative password" field, specify the password to be used for the SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN, and DBSNMP accounts. (A warning is displayed if the password does not meet oracle password standards) De-select Create as Container Database. Click Next